This is a list of handy MySQL commands that I use time and time again. At the bottom are statements, clauses, and functions you can use in MySQL. Below that are PHP and Perl API functions you can use to interface with MySQL. To use those you will need to build PHP with MySQL functionality. To use MySQL with Perl you will need to use the Perl modules DBI and DBD::mysql.
Below when you see # it means from the unix shell. When you see mysql> it means from a MySQL prompt after logging into MySQL.
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -h hostname -u root -p
mysql> create database [databasename];
mysql> show databases;
mysql> use [db name];
mysql> show tables;
mysql> describe [table name];
mysql> drop database [database name];
mysql> drop table [table name];
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name];
mysql> show columns from [table name];
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE [field name] = "whatever";
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name = "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444';
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name != "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444' order by phone_number;
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like "Bob%" AND phone_number = '3444444';
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like "Bob%" AND phone_number = '3444444' limit 1,5;
mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE rec RLIKE "^a";
mysql> SELECT DISTINCT [column name] FROM [table name];
mysql> SELECT [col1],[col2] FROM [table name] ORDER BY [col2] DESC;
mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [table name];
mysql> SELECT SUM(*) FROM [table name];
mysql> select lookup.illustrationid, lookup.personid,person.birthday from lookup left join person on lookup.personid=person.personid=statement to join birthday in person table with primary illustration id;
# mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> INSERT INTO user (Host,User,Password) VALUES('%','username',PASSWORD('password'));
mysql> flush privileges;
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqladmin -u username -h hostname.blah.org -p password 'new-password'
# mysql -u root -p
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'user'@'hostname' = PASSWORD('passwordhere');
mysql> flush privileges;
# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
# mysql -u root
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD("newrootpassword") where User='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit
# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
# /etc/init.d/mysql start
# mysqladmin -u root password newpassword
# mysqladmin -u root -p oldpassword newpassword
# mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> grant usage on *.* to bob@localhost identified by 'passwd';
mysql> flush privileges;
# mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> INSERT INTO db (Host,Db,User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Update_priv,Delete_priv,Create_priv,Drop_priv) VALUES
('%','databasename','username','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','N');
mysql> flush privileges;
or
mysql> grant all privileges on databasename.* to username@localhost;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> UPDATE [table name] SET Select_priv = 'Y',Insert_priv = 'Y',Update_priv = 'Y' where [field name] = 'user';
mysql> DELETE from [table name] where [field name] = 'whatever';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> alter table [table name] drop column [column name];
mysql> alter table [table name] add column [new column name] varchar (20);
mysql> alter table [table name] change [old column name] [new column name] varchar (50);
mysql> alter table [table name] add unique ([column name]);
mysql> alter table [table name] modify [column name] VARCHAR(3);
mysql> alter table [table name] drop index [colmn name];
mysql> LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/filename.csv' replace INTO TABLE [table name] FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n' (field1,field2,field3);
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt >/tmp/alldatabases.sql
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases databasename >/tmp/databasename.sql
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -c -u username -ppassword databasename tablename > /tmp/databasename.tablename.sql
# [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword databasename < /tmp/databasename.sql
mysql> CREATE TABLE [table name] (firstname VARCHAR(20), middleinitial VARCHAR(3), lastname VARCHAR(35),suffix VARCHAR(3),officeid VARCHAR(10),userid VARCHAR(15),username VARCHAR(8),email VARCHAR(35),phone VARCHAR(25), groups VARCHAR(15),datestamp DATE,timestamp time,pgpemail VARCHAR(255));
mysql> create table [table name] (personid int(50) not null auto_increment primary key,firstname varchar(35),middlename varchar(50),lastnamevarchar(50) default 'bato');
MYSQL Statements and clauses
ALTER DATABASE ALTER TABLE ALTER VIEW ANALYZE TABLE BACKUP TABLE CACHE INDEX CHANGE MASTER TO CHECK TABLE CHECKSUM TABLE COMMIT CREATE DATABASE CREATE INDEX CREATE TABLE CREATE VIEW DELETE DESCRIBE DO DROP DATABASE DROP INDEX DROP TABLE DROP USER DROP VIEW EXPLAIN FLUSH GRANT HANDLER INSERT JOIN KILL LOAD DATA FROM MASTER LOAD DATA INFILE LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE LOAD TABLE...FROM MASTER LOCK TABLES OPTIMIZE TABLE PURGE MASTER LOGS RENAME TABLE REPAIR TABLE REPLACE RESET RESET MASTER RESET SLAVE RESTORE TABLE REVOKE ROLLBACK ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT SAVEPOINT SELECT SET SET PASSWORD SET SQL_LOG_BIN SET TRANSACTION SHOW BINLOG EVENTS SHOW CHARACTER SET SHOW COLLATION SHOW COLUMNS SHOW CREATE DATABASE SHOW CREATE TABLE SHOW CREATE VIEW SHOW DATABASES SHOW ENGINES SHOW ERRORS SHOW GRANTS SHOW INDEX SHOW INNODB STATUS SHOW LOGS SHOW MASTER LOGS SHOW MASTER STATUS SHOW PRIVILEGES SHOW PROCESSLIST SHOW SLAVE HOSTS SHOW SLAVE STATUS SHOW STATUS SHOW TABLE STATUS SHOW TABLES SHOW VARIABLES SHOW WARNINGS START SLAVE START TRANSACTION STOP SLAVE TRUNCATE TABLE UNION UNLOCK TABLES USE
String Functions
AES_DECRYPT AES_ENCRYPT ASCII BIN BINARY BIT_LENGTH CHAR CHAR_LENGTH CHARACTER_LENGTH COMPRESS CONCAT CONCAT_WS CONV DECODE DES_DECRYPT DES_ENCRYPT ELT ENCODE ENCRYPT EXPORT_SET FIELD FIND_IN_SET HEX INET_ATON INET_NTOA INSERT INSTR LCASE LEFT LENGTH LOAD_FILE LOCATE LOWER LPAD LTRIM MAKE_SET MATCH AGAINST MD5 MID OCT OCTET_LENGTH OLD_PASSWORD ORD PASSWORD POSITION QUOTE REPEAT REPLACE REVERSE RIGHT RPAD RTRIM SHA SHA1 SOUNDEX SPACE STRCMP SUBSTRING SUBSTRING_INDEX TRIM UCASE UNCOMPRESS UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH UNHEX UPPER
Date and Time Functions
ADDDATE ADDTIME CONVERT_TZ CURDATE CURRENT_DATE CURRENT_TIME CURRENT_TIMESTAMP CURTIME DATE DATE_ADD DATE_FORMAT DATE_SUB DATEDIFF DAY DAYNAME DAYOFMONTH DAYOFWEEK DAYOFYEAR EXTRACT FROM_DAYS FROM_UNIXTIME GET_FORMAT HOUR LAST_DAY LOCALTIME LOCALTIMESTAMP MAKEDATE MAKETIME MICROSECOND MINUTE MONTH MONTHNAME NOW PERIOD_ADD PERIOD_DIFF QUARTER SEC_TO_TIME SECOND STR_TO_DATE SUBDATE SUBTIME SYSDATE TIME TIMEDIFF TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMPDIFF TIMESTAMPADD TIME_FORMAT TIME_TO_SEC TO_DAYS UNIX_TIMESTAMP UTC_DATE UTC_TIME UTC_TIMESTAMP WEEK WEEKDAY WEEKOFYEAR YEAR YEARWEEK
Mathematical and Aggregate Functions
ABS ACOS ASIN ATAN ATAN2 AVG BIT_AND BIT_OR BIT_XOR CEIL CEILING COS COT COUNT CRC32 DEGREES EXP FLOOR FORMAT GREATEST GROUP_CONCAT LEAST LN LOG LOG2 LOG10 MAX MIN MOD PI POW POWER RADIANS RAND ROUND SIGN SIN SQRT STD STDDEV SUM TAN TRUNCATE VARIANCE
Flow Control Functions
CASE IF IFNULL NULLIF
Command-Line Utilities
comp_err isamchk make_binary_distribution msql2mysql my_print_defaults myisamchk myisamlog myisampack mysqlaccess mysqladmin mysqlbinlog mysqlbug mysqlcheck mysqldump mysqldumpslow mysqlhotcopy mysqlimport mysqlshow perror
Perl API - using functions and methods built into the Perl DBI with MySQL
available_drivers begin_work bind_col bind_columns bind_param bind_param_array bind_param_inout can clone column_info commit connect connect_cached data_sources disconnect do dump_results err errstr execute execute_array execute_for_fetch fetch fetchall_arrayref fetchall_hashref fetchrow_array fetchrow_arrayref fetchrow_hashref finish foreign_key_info func get_info installed_versions last_insert_id looks_like_number neat neat_list parse_dsn parse_trace_flag parse_trace_flags ping prepare prepare_cached primary_key primary_key_info quote quote_identifier rollback rows selectall_arrayref selectall_hashref selectcol_arrayref selectrow_array selectrow_arrayref selectrow_hashref set_err state table_info table_info_all tables trace trace_msg type_info type_info_all Attributes for Handles
PHP API - using functions built into PHP with MySQL
mysql_affected_rows mysql_change_user mysql_client_encoding mysql_close mysql_connect mysql_create_db mysql_data_seek mysql_db_name mysql_db_query mysql_drop_db mysql_errno mysql_error mysql_escape_string mysql_fetch_array mysql_fetch_assoc mysql_fetch_field mysql_fetch_lengths mysql_fetch_object mysql_fetch_row mysql_field_flags mysql_field_len mysql_field_name mysql_field_seek mysql_field_table mysql_field_type mysql_free_result mysql_get_client_info mysql_get_host_info mysql_get_proto_info mysql_get_server_info mysql_info mysql_insert_id mysql_list_dbs mysql_list_fields mysql_list_processes mysql_list_tables mysql_num_fields mysql_num_rows mysql_pconnect mysql_ping mysql_query mysql_real_escape_string mysql_result mysql_select_db mysql_stat mysql_tablename mysql_thread_id mysql_unbuffered_query
Got home tonight and mythtv machine was locked up solid. Rebooted it and noticed I had no program data. Tried deleting the data in the program guide and refilling it to no avail. Then I noticed this at the end of running mythfilldatabase:
2007-03-18 21:03:52.424 DB Error (DelLogEntry#1): Query was: SELECT logid FROM mythlog WHERE module= 'mythfilldatabase' ORDER BY logdate ASC; Driver error was [2/145]: QMYSQL3: Unable to execute query Database error was: Table './mythconverg/mythlog' is marked as crashed and should be repaired
Crashed table. Yuck!
Tried fixing that one with the command
mysqlcheck --auto-repair --check -u mythtv -pmysqlpass
To which I got back
mythconverg.mythlog error : Table './mythconverg/mythlog' is marked as crashed and should be repaired Repairing tables mythconverg.mythlog OK
Then I ran mythfilldatabase again and went to my mythtv webpage to look for program data.
It told me another table had crashed and needed to be repaired. So I figured other tables must have crashed as well so I just wanted to find a blanket command to check and fix all the tables with problems. I put this one together from the --help page and it did the trick. Everything is back up and working. The following command that did it was
mysqlcheck --auto-repair -A -u mythtv -pmysqlpass
It finds all corrupted tables and fixes them if possible. Output from command is below. Output from this command is below. The "..." is space where lot's of other tables were.
mythconverg.gameplayers OK mythconverg.housekeeping OK ... mythconverg.inuseprograms error : Table './mythconverg/inuseprograms' is marked as crashed and should be repaired mythconverg.oldfind OK mythconverg.oldprogram OK ... mythconverg.oldrecorded error : Table './mythconverg/oldrecorded' is marked as crashed and should be repaired mythconverg.recordedrating OK ... mythconverg.recordedseek error : Table './mythconverg/recordedseek' is marked as crashed and should be repaired ... mythconverg.videosource OK mythconverg.videotypes OK Repairing tables mythconverg.inuseprograms warning : Number of rows changed from 3 to 1 status : OK mythconverg.oldrecorded warning : Number of rows changed from 5454 to 5455 status : OK mythconverg.recordedseek warning : Number of rows changed from 471859 to 471860 status : OK
This is a quick description of how to use Openoffice.org's Writer to modify MySQL databases. The Openoffice.org used in this example is from 2005 so it might become dated but here it is anyway.
Install OpenOffice.orgapt-get install openoffice.org
Install MySQLapt-get install mysql
To turn on networking in MySQL (make it listen to incomming connections) you have to edit the /etc/mysql/my.cnf file.Comment out the line "skip-networking". To make it listen to local loopback only (just your machine) you need to put in the line "bind-address = 127.0.0.1". In the section "[mysqld]". Save it.
Then restart MySQL/etc/init.d/mysql restart
After that install the grant tables.mysql_install_db --user=mysql
Then login to MySQL.mysql -u root -p
By default the password is blank so hit enter when asked for one. Then after you login set the MySQL root users password with the following commands.use mysql;
SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('passwordhere');
create database databasenamehere;
Then create a table.create table blah (unique_name varchar(100) not null primary key);
I've read if you don't create a primary key the database stays read-only. So heed that warning. To connect to MySQL with OpenOffice Writer you have to install the packages "unixodbc", "libmyodbc", and "myodbc" in Debian. Do this with the following commands.apt-get install unixodbc libmyodbc libmyodbc
Then configure the following odbc file /etc/odbcinst.ini to look like this:
[MySQL] Description = ODBC Driver for MySQL Driver = /usr/lib/libmyodbc.so Setup = /usr/lib/libodbcmyS.so FileUsage = 1 CPTimeout = CPReuse =
Then configure the next odbc file /etc/odbc.ini to look like the following example. Don't forget to replace the "databasenamegoeshere" with your actual database name.
[databasenamegoeshere] Description = MySQL db test Driver = MySQL Server = localhost Database = databasenamegoeshere Port = 3306 Socket = Option = Stmt =
To test if you can connect to the MySQL database with ODBC use the program "isql". It should have come with one of the packages above. To connect to the MySQL database use the command:
isql databasename root mysqlrootspassword -v
If it connects and brings you to a SQL prompt then it should work fine in Openoffice. If not then you'll have to look at the error message and determine what your unique problem is and how to make it connect correctly.
Now open OpenOffice.org's Writer program and click "Tools" -> "Data Sources". In the "database" tab select "MySQL" as the database type. Click the datasource url button and select your database. Then in the "MySQL" tab click select "Use existing myodbc datasource". In the datasource url section click the button and make sure your database is selected. Under username put the users name that has access to the DB (mine is root). Check the password box. Then click the "ok" button and you'll be back at the main Writer screen. Hit the "F4" key and it will bring up a database view. From there you can right click on the "tables" area to create and edit or make new tables.
